Introduction to Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
When it comes to building a durable and aesthetically pleasing fence, pressure treated wood fence pickets are a popular and reliable choice. These pickets undergo a special treatment process that enhances their resistance to rot, decay, and insect infestation, making them ideal for outdoor use. This comprehensive guide delves into everything you need to know about pressure treated wood fence pickets, from their benefits and types to installation and maintenance.
What is Pressure Treated Wood?
Pressure treated wood is lumber that has been infused with chemical preservatives under high pressure. This process forces the preservatives deep into the wood fibers, providing long-lasting protection against biological threats such as fungi, bacteria, and insects. The most common preservatives used today are alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) and micronized copper azole (MCA). These preservatives are considered safer for the environment and human health compared to older treatments like chromated copper arsenate (CCA), which is no longer used for residential applications.
The Pressure Treatment Process
The pressure treatment process typically involves the following steps:
- Selection: The wood is carefully selected based on its species and quality. Southern yellow pine is a common choice due to its ability to absorb preservatives effectively.
- Preparation: The wood is dried to a specific moisture content to ensure proper absorption of the preservatives.
- Loading: The wood is loaded into a large, cylindrical pressure vessel.
- Vacuum: A vacuum is applied to remove air from the wood cells, creating a void for the preservatives to fill.
- Pressurization: The pressure vessel is filled with the preservative solution, and high pressure is applied to force the solution deep into the wood.
- Drying: After the treatment, the wood is dried to reduce moisture content and stabilize the preservatives.
Benefits of Using Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
Choosing pressure treated wood fence pickets offers numerous advantages over untreated wood or other fencing materials.
Durability and Longevity
One of the primary benefits of pressure treated wood is its exceptional durability. The treatment process significantly extends the lifespan of the wood, protecting it from decay and insect damage. A properly installed and maintained pressure treated wood fence can last for 20 years or more, making it a cost-effective investment in the long run.
Resistance to Rot and Decay
Untreated wood is susceptible to rot and decay, especially in damp or humid environments. Pressure treatment prevents these issues by making the wood inhospitable to fungi and bacteria. This resistance is crucial for fence pickets, which are constantly exposed to the elements.
Protection Against Insect Infestation
Insects, such as termites and carpenter ants, can quickly destroy untreated wood fences. Pressure treated wood is resistant to these pests, providing a reliable barrier against infestation. This protection helps maintain the structural integrity and appearance of the fence.
Cost-Effectiveness
While pressure treated wood may have a higher initial cost compared to untreated wood, its longevity and low maintenance requirements make it a cost-effective choice over time. The reduced need for repairs and replacements can save significant money in the long run.
Versatility
Pressure treated wood fence pickets are versatile and can be used in a variety of fence styles, from traditional picket fences to privacy fences. They can also be painted or stained to match your home’s exterior or landscaping.
Types of Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
Pressure treated wood fence pickets come in various sizes, shapes, and grades. Understanding the different types can help you choose the best option for your specific needs.
Size and Dimensions
Fence pickets are typically available in standard lengths, such as 4 feet, 6 feet, and 8 feet. The width and thickness of the pickets can also vary. Common dimensions include 1×4, 1×6, and 5/4×6. The choice of size depends on the desired height and style of the fence.
Shape and Style
Picket shapes can range from simple square-cut ends to decorative designs. Common styles include:
- Dog-eared: Pickets with rounded corners at the top, providing a classic and softened look.
- Pointed: Pickets with a pointed top, adding a touch of elegance to the fence.
- Flat-topped: Pickets with a flat top, offering a clean and modern appearance.
- Scalloped: Pickets with a curved or scalloped top, creating a decorative and visually appealing fence.
Grade and Quality
Pressure treated wood is graded based on its appearance and structural integrity. Higher grades have fewer knots and imperfections, while lower grades may have more visible defects. Common grades include:
- Premium Grade: The highest quality, with minimal knots and a smooth surface.
- Standard Grade: A good balance of quality and affordability, with some knots and imperfections.
- Construction Grade: The most economical option, with more visible knots and imperfections.
Installation of Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
Proper installation is crucial for ensuring the longevity and stability of your pressure treated wood fence. Here’s a step-by-step guide to installing fence pickets:
Planning and Preparation
- Determine the Fence Line: Use stakes and string to mark the desired location of the fence.
- Check Local Regulations: Ensure compliance with local zoning laws and building codes regarding fence height, placement, and materials.
- Gather Materials and Tools: Collect all necessary materials, including pressure treated wood fence pickets, posts, rails, concrete, screws or nails, and tools such as a post hole digger, level, drill, saw, and measuring tape.
Setting the Posts
- Dig Post Holes: Dig holes for the fence posts, ensuring they are deep enough to provide adequate support (typically 2-3 feet deep).
- Set the Posts: Place the posts in the holes and pour concrete around them, ensuring they are plumb and level.
- Allow Concrete to Cure: Allow the concrete to cure for at least 24-48 hours before proceeding.
Attaching the Rails
- Measure and Cut Rails: Measure and cut the rails to fit between the posts.
- Attach Rails to Posts: Secure the rails to the posts using screws or nails, ensuring they are level and evenly spaced.
Installing the Pickets
- Measure and Cut Pickets: Measure and cut the pickets to the desired length, if necessary.
- Attach Pickets to Rails: Attach the pickets to the rails using screws or nails, ensuring they are evenly spaced and plumb. Use a level to maintain consistent vertical alignment.
- Trim Pickets: If desired, trim the tops of the pickets to create a uniform height or decorative design.
Maintenance of Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
While pressure treated wood is durable, regular maintenance can help prolong its lifespan and maintain its appearance.
Cleaning
Clean the fence regularly to remove dirt, mildew, and other debris. Use a mild detergent and water solution, along with a soft-bristled brush or sponge. Rinse thoroughly with clean water.
Sealing or Staining
Applying a sealant or stain can provide additional protection against the elements and enhance the appearance of the fence. Choose a product specifically designed for pressure treated wood and follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Allow the wood to dry thoroughly before applying any finish.
Inspecting and Repairing
Inspect the fence regularly for signs of damage, such as loose pickets, cracked rails, or rotting posts. Repair any damage promptly to prevent further deterioration. Replace any damaged pickets or rails as needed.
Preventing Weed Growth
Keep the area around the fence clear of weeds and vegetation to prevent moisture buildup and promote air circulation. Use a weed trimmer or herbicide to control weed growth.
Cost Considerations for Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
The cost of pressure treated wood fence pickets can vary depending on several factors, including the type of wood, size, grade, and local market conditions.
Material Costs
The cost of pressure treated wood pickets typically ranges from $2 to $5 per picket, depending on the dimensions and grade. Premium grade pickets will generally be more expensive than standard or construction grade pickets.
Installation Costs
If you hire a professional to install your fence, labor costs can add significantly to the overall expense. Installation costs can range from $5 to $15 per linear foot, depending on the complexity of the project and the contractor’s rates.
Maintenance Costs
Maintenance costs for pressure treated wood fences are relatively low. Regular cleaning and sealing can help prolong the lifespan of the fence and minimize the need for repairs. Expect to spend a few dollars per year on cleaning supplies and sealant.
Environmental Considerations
While pressure treated wood is a durable and long-lasting material, it’s important to consider the environmental implications of its use.
Preservatives
The preservatives used in pressure treated wood can leach into the soil and water over time. While modern preservatives like ACQ and MCA are considered safer than older treatments, it’s still important to handle treated wood with care and dispose of it properly.
Disposal
Pressure treated wood should not be burned, as the chemicals released can be harmful. Instead, it should be disposed of at a designated landfill or recycling facility. Check with your local waste management authority for specific guidelines.
Sustainable Alternatives
If you’re concerned about the environmental impact of pressure treated wood, consider using sustainable alternatives such as cedar, redwood, or composite fencing materials. These options are naturally resistant to rot and decay and can provide a more environmentally friendly fencing solution.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Using Pressure Treated Wood Fence Pickets
To ensure the success of your fencing project, avoid these common mistakes:
Using Untreated Wood for Posts
Using untreated wood for fence posts is a common mistake that can lead to premature failure of the fence. Always use pressure treated wood for posts, as they are in direct contact with the ground and susceptible to rot and decay.
Improper Spacing of Pickets
Improper spacing of pickets can affect the appearance and stability of the fence. Ensure that the pickets are evenly spaced and plumb to create a visually appealing and structurally sound fence.
Failure to Use Proper Fasteners
Using the wrong type of fasteners can lead to corrosion and failure of the fence. Use galvanized or stainless steel screws or nails that are designed for use with pressure treated wood.
Neglecting Maintenance
Neglecting regular maintenance can shorten the lifespan of the fence. Clean the fence regularly, apply a sealant or stain as needed, and repair any damage promptly to keep the fence in good condition.
Conclusion
Pressure treated wood fence pickets are a durable, cost-effective, and versatile choice for building a fence. By understanding the benefits, types, installation process, and maintenance requirements of pressure treated wood, you can create a fence that will last for many years and enhance the beauty of your property. Whether you’re building a traditional picket fence or a privacy fence, pressure treated wood offers a reliable and attractive fencing solution.
