The laboratory processes employed to detect Clostridioides difficile infection ( C. difficile infection or CDI) involve a multi-step approach. These methods aim to identify the presence of the bacteria or its toxins within a stool sample. Initial screening tests are often utilized due to their speed and relatively low cost. Positive results from these initial screens then typically necessitate further, more specific testing to confirm the presence of toxigenic C. difficile. An example involves first using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) screen, and then confirming positive results with a PCR assay targeting specific toxin genes.
Accurate and timely diagnosis of CDI is crucial for several reasons. Early detection allows for prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy, minimizing the severity and duration of infection. Effective diagnostic procedures also play a critical role in infection control, helping to prevent the spread of the bacteria within healthcare facilities. Historically, laboratory confirmation was less standardized, leading to potential overdiagnosis and inappropriate antibiotic use. The implementation of structured testing pathways aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide appropriate patient management.
